{ "id": "010957577e2516eff6bfd3bc3ec7c35fe54e769a3f62d637b4912f376f510cbd", "pubkey": "8bcfbc7a83ac7ccca47f58aa65b75fc6856f9878a9735be5fd96d8b80aa22a31", "created_at": 1780132038, "kind": 32616, "tags": [ [ "d", "aquilegia-vulgaris" ], [ "title", "Aquilegia vulgaris" ], [ "name", "Aquilegia vulgaris" ], [ "rank", "species" ], [ "status", "expert_verified" ], [ "verified_count", "1" ], [ "schema", "belenos-species/2" ], [ "family", "Ranunculaceae" ], [ "gbif", "3033191" ], [ "iucn", "NE" ], [ "country", "North America" ], [ "country", "Norway" ], [ "country", "Albania" ], [ "country", "Argentina South" ], [ "country", "Austria" ], [ "country", "Azores" ], [ "country", "Baltic States" ], [ "country", "Belarus" ], [ "country", "Belgium" ], [ "country", "British Columbia" ], [ "country", "Bulgaria" ], [ "country", "Canary Is." ], [ "country", "Central European Russia" ], [ "country", "Chile Central" ], [ "country", "Chile South" ], [ "country", "Connecticut" ], [ "country", "Corse" ], [ "country", "Czechia-Slovakia" ], [ "country", "Denmark" ], [ "country", "East European Russia" ], [ "country", "Ecuador" ], [ "country", "Finland" ], [ "country", "France" ], [ "country", "Georgia" ], [ "country", "Germany" ], [ "country", "Great Britain" ], [ "country", "Greece" ], [ "country", "Hungary" ], [ "country", "Illinois" ], [ "country", "Indiana" ], [ "country", "Iowa" ], [ "country", "Ireland" ], [ "country", "Italy" ], [ "country", "Kamchatka" ], [ "country", "Kentucky" ], [ "country", "Krym" ], [ "country", "Labrador" ], [ "country", "Madeira" ], [ "country", "Magadan" ], [ "country", "Maine" ], [ "common", "Columbine", "en" ], [ "common", "Granny's-bonnet", "en" ], [ "common", "European columbine", "en" ], [ "common", "Capon's-feather", "en" ], [ "common", "European Crowfoot", "en" ], [ "common", "Granny Bonnets", "en" ], [ "common", "garden columbine", "en" ], [ "common", "Akeleje", "da" ], [ "common", "Almindelig akeleje", "da" ], [ "common", "Ancolie commune", "fr" ], [ "common", "Ancolie commune, Ancolie vulgaire, Clochette", "fr" ], [ "common", "Ancolie vulgaire", "fr" ], [ "image", "https://blossom.primal.net/a9431bda919024b3b0a9698559088a6a9ebd02eaa0eed63a79a5662fbda4c669.jpg", "a9431bda919024b3b0a9698559088a6a9ebd02eaa0eed63a79a5662fbda4c669", "habit" ], [ "t", "toxic" ], [ "t", "medicinal" ] ], "content": "{\"schema\":\"belenos-species/2\",\"binomial\":\"Aquilegia vulgaris\",\"authorship\":\"L.\",\"rank\":\"species\",\"taxonomy\":{\"kingdom\":\"Plantae\",\"phylum\":\"Tracheophyta\",\"class\":\"Magnoliopsida\",\"order\":\"Ranunculales\",\"family\":\"Ranunculaceae\",\"genus\":\"Aquilegia\"},\"family\":\"Ranunculaceae\",\"gbif_taxon_id\":3033191,\"powo_id\":null,\"common_names\":[{\"name\":\"Columbine\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"Granny's-bonnet\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"European columbine\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"Capon's-feather\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"European Crowfoot\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"Granny Bonnets\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"garden columbine\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"Akeleje\",\"lang\":\"da\"},{\"name\":\"Almindelig akeleje\",\"lang\":\"da\"},{\"name\":\"Ancolie commune\",\"lang\":\"fr\"},{\"name\":\"Ancolie commune, Ancolie vulgaire, Clochette\",\"lang\":\"fr\"},{\"name\":\"Ancolie vulgaire\",\"lang\":\"fr\"},{\"name\":\"Aquilegia comune\",\"lang\":\"it\"},{\"name\":\"Blodau Colomennod\",\"lang\":\"cym\"},{\"name\":\"Blodau yr Eryr\",\"lang\":\"cym\"},{\"name\":\"Blodau'r Sipsi\",\"lang\":\"cym\"},{\"name\":\"Bonet Nain\",\"lang\":\"cym\"},{\"name\":\"Cap Nos Mamgu\",\"lang\":\"cym\"},{\"name\":\"Clychau Llundain\",\"lang\":\"cym\"},{\"name\":\"Colwmbein\",\"lang\":\"cym\"}],\"region\":{\"countries\":[\"North America\",\"Norway\",\"Albania\",\"Argentina South\",\"Austria\",\"Azores\",\"Baltic States\",\"Belarus\",\"Belgium\",\"British Columbia\",\"Bulgaria\",\"Canary Is.\",\"Central European Russia\",\"Chile Central\",\"Chile South\",\"Connecticut\",\"Corse\",\"Czechia-Slovakia\",\"Denmark\",\"East European Russia\",\"Ecuador\",\"Finland\",\"France\",\"Georgia\",\"Germany\",\"Great Britain\",\"Greece\",\"Hungary\",\"Illinois\",\"Indiana\",\"Iowa\",\"Ireland\",\"Italy\",\"Kamchatka\",\"Kentucky\",\"Krym\",\"Labrador\",\"Madeira\",\"Magadan\",\"Maine\",\"Manitoba\",\"Maryland\",\"Massachusetts\",\"Michigan\",\"Minnesota\",\"NW. Balkan Pen.\",\"Netherlands\",\"New Brunswick\",\"New Hampshire\",\"New Jersey\",\"New South Wales\",\"New York\",\"New Zealand North\",\"New Zealand South\",\"Newfoundland\",\"North Carolina\",\"North Caucasus\",\"North European Russia\",\"Northwest European Russia\",\"Nova Scotia\",\"Ohio\",\"Ontario\",\"Pennsylvania\",\"Poland\",\"Portugal\",\"Prince Edward I.\",\"Québec\",\"Rhode I.\",\"Romania\",\"Sicilia\",\"South European Russia\",\"Spain\",\"Sweden\",\"Switzerland\",\"Tasmania\",\"Ukraine\",\"Uzbekistan\",\"Vermont\",\"Victoria\",\"Washington\",\"West Virginia\",\"Wisconsin\",\"AR\",\"AU\",\"BE\",\"CA\",\"CH\",\"CL\",\"DE\",\"DK\",\"EC\",\"EE\",\"ES\",\"FI\",\"FR\",\"GB\",\"IN\",\"JP\",\"LI\",\"LU\",\"LV\",\"NL\",\"NO\",\"RO\",\"RU\",\"SE\",\"UA\",\"US\"],\"summary\":\"The species is native to Europe, where it typically blooms from late spring to early summer. It has also been introduced and naturalized in various regions across Asia, Oceania, North America, and South America.\"},\"scarcity\":{\"iucn_code\":\"NE\",\"iucn_category\":\"NOT_EVALUATED\",\"source\":\"gbif-iucn\"},\"summary\":\"Aquilegia vulgaris, commonly known as the common columbine or granny's bonnet, is a perennial herbaceous plant characterized by its nodding, spurred flowers and bushy clumps of biternate leaves. It is highly morphologically variable and widely cultivated for its ornamental value, producing blooms in shades of blue, purple, white, and red.\",\"uses\":{\"beneficial\":\"It is highly valued as an ornamental garden plant, with numerous cultivars and hybrids developed since the 16th century to produce a wide array of flower colors and double-flowered forms.\",\"medicinal\":\"Historically utilized in European folk medicine since the Middle Ages as an astringent and for treating skin conditions, though its application was often restricted due to the plant's inherent toxicity.\",\"artisanal\":null},\"culture\":{\"mythology\":\"Associated with fertility goddesses in ancient Greece and Rome, the plant later symbolized the Holy Spirit, the Trinity, and virtuous behavior in Christian art. Conversely, it carried malevolent connotations in other literary contexts, such as representing ingratitude in Shakespearean works.\",\"cultures\":[\"Ancient Greek\",\"Ancient Roman\",\"Christian\",\"English\"]},\"edible\":false,\"toxic\":true,\"sources\":[{\"field\":\"taxonomy\",\"source\":\"gbif\",\"ref\":\"https://www.gbif.org/species/3033191\"},{\"field\":\"scarcity\",\"source\":\"gbif-iucn\"},{\"field\":\"region.countries\",\"source\":\"gbif\"},{\"field\":\"summary\",\"source\":\"wikipedia\",\"ref\":\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquilegia_vulgaris\"},{\"field\":\"uses,culture\",\"source\":\"qwen3.7-max+wikipedia\"}],\"disclaimer\":\"Edibility, medicinal and foraging information is for reference only and is not medical, dietary or safety advice. Plant misidentification can be dangerous; verify independently before any use.\",\"enrichment\":{\"model\":\"qwen3.7-max\",\"grounded_on\":\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquilegia_vulgaris\",\"ok\":true,\"at\":1780132038},\"status\":\"expert_verified\",\"verified_count\":1,\"images\":[{\"sha256\":\"a9431bda919024b3b0a9698559088a6a9ebd02eaa0eed63a79a5662fbda4c669\",\"organ\":\"habit\",\"url\":\"https://blossom.primal.net/a9431bda919024b3b0a9698559088a6a9ebd02eaa0eed63a79a5662fbda4c669.jpg\"}],\"updated_at\":1780132038}", "sig": "48de811c0819a61e8ca63c6a5fa0ff670fbc70978bf44b585f13200cc78b7df3eb8884a67ccb1603a08e8f8136428de2bf38337857fa958f79199e68beedf022" }