{ "id": "0d4d89b59da5d7e34a9ea840e72528c7dd30c8a28f6909b3c2171bbae3ec47b1", "pubkey": "8bcfbc7a83ac7ccca47f58aa65b75fc6856f9878a9735be5fd96d8b80aa22a31", "created_at": 1780778911, "kind": 32616, "tags": [ [ "d", "hydrangea-macrophylla" ], [ "title", "Hydrangea macrophylla" ], [ "name", "Hydrangea macrophylla" ], [ "rank", "species" ], [ "status", "expert_verified" ], [ "verified_count", "1" ], [ "schema", "belenos-species/2" ], [ "family", "Hydrangeaceae" ], [ "gbif", "2985994" ], [ "iucn", "NE" ], [ "country", "East Africa" ], [ "country", "Galápagos Islands" ], [ "country", "Reunion" ], [ "country", "Tristan da Cunha" ], [ "country", "Villavicencio | Manizales | Pasto" ], [ "country", "Bogotá" ], [ "country", "Floridablanca | Tona" ], [ "country", "Not known in the wild; England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [c]; Slovakia [I]; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I], Sark [I]); Italy [I]; Croatia [c]; Morocco [c]; Azores [I] (Santa Maria Isl. [I], Sao Miguel Isl. [I], Terceira [I], Graciosa [I], Sao Jorge [I], Pico [I], Faial [I], Flores Isl. [I], Corvo Isl. [I]); Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Canary Isl. [I] (Tenerife [I]); Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; China [I] (Shandong [I], Jiangxi [I], Anhui [I], Zhejiang [I], Fujian [I], Henan [I], Hubei [I], Hunan [I], Guangdong [I], Guangxi [I], Sichuan [I], Guizhou [I], Yunnan [I]); South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Volcano Isl. [I] (Kita-Iwojima [I], Minami-Iwojima [I]); Taiwan [I]; Nepal [I]; Bhutan [I]; India [c]; Myanmar [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Hispaniola [I] (Dominican Republic [I], Haiti [I]); Trinidad \u0026 Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [c]" ], [ "country", "Albania" ], [ "country", "Arkansas" ], [ "country", "Assam" ], [ "country", "Azores" ], [ "country", "Bolivia" ], [ "country", "Canary Is." ], [ "country", "Central European Russia" ], [ "country", "China South-Central" ], [ "country", "China Southeast" ], [ "country", "Costa Rica" ], [ "country", "East Himalaya" ], [ "country", "Ecuador" ], [ "country", "France" ], [ "country", "Germany" ], [ "country", "Great Britain" ], [ "country", "Italy" ], [ "country", "Japan" ], [ "country", "Juan Fernández Is." ], [ "country", "Kazan-retto" ], [ "country", "Korea" ], [ "country", "Madeira" ], [ "country", "Mauritius" ], [ "country", "Mexico Southwest" ], [ "country", "New Zealand North" ], [ "country", "New Zealand South" ], [ "country", "Panamá" ], [ "country", "Portugal" ], [ "country", "Réunion" ], [ "country", "Spain" ], [ "country", "Trinidad-Tobago" ], [ "country", "Venezuela" ], [ "country", "Vietnam" ], [ "common", "Hydrangea", "en" ], [ "common", "Hortensia", "en" ], [ "common", "Bigleaf Hydrangea", "en" ], [ "common", "Chinese sweetleaf", "en" ], [ "common", "French hydrangea", "en" ], [ "common", "common hydrangea", "en" ], [ "common", "lacecap hydrangea", "en" ], [ "common", "mophead hydrangea", "en" ], [ "common", "Boerenhortensia", "nl" ], [ "common", "Didžialapė hortenzija", "lit" ], [ "common", "Garten-Hortensie", "de" ], [ "common", "Garten-Hortensie (DE)", "" ], [ "image", "https://image.nostr.build/2b4464e70eba328529e9ef570f87103122b25b8ec3bb499f1efd59df9e954a1f.jpg", "aad624e0c6e0fed64271b56b51bf2939ebcef53d67e33c8ca27ee10cc723f0a3", "flower" ], [ "t", "edible" ], [ "t", "toxic" ], [ "t", "medicinal" ] ], "content": "{\"schema\":\"belenos-species/2\",\"binomial\":\"Hydrangea macrophylla\",\"authorship\":\"(Thunb.) Ser.\",\"rank\":\"species\",\"taxonomy\":{\"kingdom\":\"Plantae\",\"phylum\":\"Tracheophyta\",\"class\":\"Magnoliopsida\",\"order\":\"Cornales\",\"family\":\"Hydrangeaceae\",\"genus\":\"Hydrangea\"},\"family\":\"Hydrangeaceae\",\"gbif_taxon_id\":2985994,\"powo_id\":null,\"common_names\":[{\"name\":\"Hydrangea\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"Hortensia\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"Bigleaf Hydrangea\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"Chinese sweetleaf\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"French hydrangea\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"common hydrangea\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"lacecap hydrangea\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"mophead hydrangea\",\"lang\":\"en\"},{\"name\":\"Boerenhortensia\",\"lang\":\"nl\"},{\"name\":\"Didžialapė hortenzija\",\"lang\":\"lit\"},{\"name\":\"Garten-Hortensie\",\"lang\":\"de\"},{\"name\":\"Garten-Hortensie (DE)\",\"lang\":\"\"},{\"name\":\"Gartenhortensie\",\"lang\":\"de\"},{\"name\":\"Grote hortensia\",\"lang\":\"nl\"},{\"name\":\"Hidrângea\",\"lang\":\"pt\"},{\"name\":\"Hortense\",\"lang\":\"pt\"},{\"name\":\"Hortensia\",\"lang\":\"fr\"},{\"name\":\"Hortensia japonesa\",\"lang\":\"es\"},{\"name\":\"Hortensia à grosses feuilles, Hortensia\",\"lang\":\"fr\"},{\"name\":\"Hortensio\",\"lang\":\"epo\"}],\"region\":{\"countries\":[\"East Africa\",\"Galápagos Islands\",\"Reunion\",\"Tristan da Cunha\",\"Villavicencio | Manizales | Pasto\",\"Bogotá\",\"Floridablanca | Tona\",\"Not known in the wild; England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [c]; Slovakia [I]; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I], Sark [I]); Italy [I]; Croatia [c]; Morocco [c]; Azores [I] (Santa Maria Isl. [I], Sao Miguel Isl. [I], Terceira [I], Graciosa [I], Sao Jorge [I], Pico [I], Faial [I], Flores Isl. [I], Corvo Isl. [I]); Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Canary Isl. [I] (Tenerife [I]); Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; China [I] (Shandong [I], Jiangxi [I], Anhui [I], Zhejiang [I], Fujian [I], Henan [I], Hubei [I], Hunan [I], Guangdong [I], Guangxi [I], Sichuan [I], Guizhou [I], Yunnan [I]); South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Volcano Isl. [I] (Kita-Iwojima [I], Minami-Iwojima [I]); Taiwan [I]; Nepal [I]; Bhutan [I]; India [c]; Myanmar [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Hispaniola [I] (Dominican Republic [I], Haiti [I]); Trinidad \u0026 Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [c]\",\"Albania\",\"Arkansas\",\"Assam\",\"Azores\",\"Bolivia\",\"Canary Is.\",\"Central European Russia\",\"China South-Central\",\"China Southeast\",\"Costa Rica\",\"East Himalaya\",\"Ecuador\",\"France\",\"Germany\",\"Great Britain\",\"Italy\",\"Japan\",\"Juan Fernández Is.\",\"Kazan-retto\",\"Korea\",\"Madeira\",\"Mauritius\",\"Mexico Southwest\",\"New Zealand North\",\"New Zealand South\",\"Panamá\",\"Portugal\",\"Réunion\",\"Spain\",\"Trinidad-Tobago\",\"Venezuela\",\"Vietnam\",\"AT\",\"BE\",\"BR\",\"CO\",\"ES\",\"FM\",\"FR\",\"GB\",\"GT\",\"HR\",\"IN\",\"NL\",\"NO\",\"NZ\",\"PE\",\"PT\",\"SC\",\"SE\",\"TR\",\"TW\",\"ZA\"],\"summary\":\"It is native and endemic to Japan, naturally occurring in coastal habitats from Honshu southwards. The species has naturalized in many parts of the world and is considered invasive in regions like the Azores and Madeira.\"},\"scarcity\":{\"iucn_code\":\"NE\",\"iucn_category\":\"NOT_EVALUATED\",\"source\":\"gbif-iucn\"},\"summary\":\"Hydrangea macrophylla is a deciduous shrub widely cultivated for its large, showy flower heads that change color based on soil acidity. It is a popular ornamental plant with hundreds of cultivars, primarily divided into mophead and lacecap groups.\",\"uses\":{\"beneficial\":\"It is primarily valued globally as an ornamental shrub for gardens and landscaping. It is also noted for its low flammability, making it suitable for planting in building protection zones in fire-prone areas.\",\"medicinal\":\"The fermented and dried leaves of the variety thunbergii are used in traditional Japanese herbal medicine as a preparation known as Hydrangeae Dulcis Folium. These leaf preparations have been historically utilized in folk remedies for various ailments.\",\"artisanal\":null},\"culture\":{\"mythology\":\"In Japan, the hydrangea is closely tied to the rainy season and is traditionally said to symbolize heartfelt emotion, gratitude, or an apology. According to folklore, an ancient emperor gifted hydrangeas to a maiden's family to apologize for neglecting her.\",\"cultures\":[\"Japanese\"]},\"edible\":true,\"toxic\":true,\"sources\":[{\"field\":\"taxonomy\",\"source\":\"gbif\",\"ref\":\"https://www.gbif.org/species/2985994\"},{\"field\":\"scarcity\",\"source\":\"gbif-iucn\"},{\"field\":\"region.countries\",\"source\":\"gbif\"},{\"field\":\"summary\",\"source\":\"wikipedia\",\"ref\":\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrangea_macrophylla\"},{\"field\":\"uses,culture\",\"source\":\"qwen3.7-max+wikipedia\"}],\"disclaimer\":\"Edibility, medicinal and foraging information is for reference only and is not medical, dietary or safety advice. Plant misidentification can be dangerous; verify independently before any use.\",\"enrichment\":{\"model\":\"qwen3.7-max\",\"grounded_on\":\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrangea_macrophylla\",\"ok\":true,\"at\":1780778911},\"status\":\"expert_verified\",\"verified_count\":1,\"images\":[{\"sha256\":\"aad624e0c6e0fed64271b56b51bf2939ebcef53d67e33c8ca27ee10cc723f0a3\",\"organ\":\"flower\",\"url\":\"https://image.nostr.build/2b4464e70eba328529e9ef570f87103122b25b8ec3bb499f1efd59df9e954a1f.jpg\"}],\"updated_at\":1780778911}", "sig": "c6b38db8d9eb0b6d2b1229c1dd7c206ca51ca326c784d4b5b7d6bfc6f98fa7da638ac030afbecc73c1f913daf6945a37809dea7a113d596a6813d36bbccbf044" }