Proof of work = real world cost, energy input
SHA256 = hashing algorithm
Difficulty is determined by block target times. Under 10 minutes, increase difficulty; over 10 minutes, decrease.
Difficultly is adjusted every 2016 blocks, or ~14 days.
It’s these combined with hard supply cap and strict issuance schedule that = magic internet money.
I’m drunk, let’s hope I got that right.