Trade always found a way & localities that were too restrictive would lose their income
De-centralisation kept gov's bad behaviour in check & would eventually unleash Europe
quotingLike the ancient Chinese, Ottomans & Indian Moguls, medieval European rulers also tried to manage & supervise trade & commerce
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But Europe was de-centralised & commerce was able to grow despite
The result was the blossoming of a civilisation that would create the modern world